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Changes in the Appropriateness of US Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis of 2016–2021 Data
Kao-Ping Chua and others
In this analysis of commercial and Medicare Advantage claims, the proportion of US enrollees with ≥1 inappropriate antibiotic prescription declined after the COVID-19 outbreak but rebounded to prepandemic levels by December 2021, underscoring the continued importance of antibiotic stewardship initiatives.
Long-term risk of serious infections and mortality among patients surviving drug use-associated infective endocarditis
Mary C Figgatt and others
Among a statewide cohort of 1,874 patients surviving hospitalization for drug use-associated endocarditis during 2017-2020, the 3-year risk of death or future hospitalization was 38% (16% for death prior to later infection, 14% for recurrent endocarditis, 14% for soft-tissue, 9% for bacteremia, 5% for bone/joint, and 4% ...
NTCA Guidelines for Respiratory Isolation and Restrictions to Reduce Transmission of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Community Settings
Maunank Shah and others
Duration of Effective Tuberculosis Treatment, not Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) Smear Status, as the Determinant for Deisolation in Community Settings
Neela Goswami and Caitlin Reed
For Tuberculosis, Not “To Screen or Not to Screen?” but “Who?” and “How?”
Maha Reda Farhat and Karen Rita Jacobson
Active case finding leveraging new molecular diagnostics and chest X-rays with automated interpretation algorithms is increasingly being developed for high-risk populations to drive down tuberculosis incidence. We consider why such an approach did not deliver a decline in tuberculosis prevalence in Brazilian prison ...

Editor's Choice

Which form of tenofovir should be used worldwide: TDF or TAF?
Andrew Hill
Weight, anthropometric and metabolic changes after discontinuing antiretroviral therapy containing tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in people with HIV
José Damas and others
In the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, replacing tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) resulted in a -1.84 kg weight decrease within one year. No substantial weight changes were noted after switching from TAF to dolutegravir/lamivudine or cabotegravir/rilpivirine.
Increased Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus Case Counts Following the Emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Can Be Attributed to Changes in Testing
Brittany A Petros and others
After the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitals reported an increase in RSV cases. We examined encounters at US pediatric hospitals and found that increased testing is likely driving the observed increase in case volume.
Effectiveness and safety of measures to prevent infections and other complications associated with peripheral intravenous catheters: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Andreea Dobrescu and others
Our systematic review emphasizes the pressing need for additional high-quality studies addressing preventive measures for reducing peripheral intravenous catheter-associated complications. The available evidence supports wearing gloves during insertion and adhering to defined removal schedules in adults, and chlorhexidine disinfection in neonates.
Clinical Predictors and Outcomes of Invasive Anal Cancer for People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in an Inception Cohort
Edward R Cachay and others
People with human immunodeficiency virus with both cytological anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and nadir CD4 cell count ≤200/µL face 13-fold increased anal cancer risk compared with those lacking both. Anal cancer mortality (21%) occurred exclusively among stage IIIA patients.

Best of the IDSA Journals 2023

As we usher in the new year, the IDSA journals would like to thank all the excellent authors and peer reviewers that have contributed their expertise in 2023. The Editors-in-Chief of Clinical Infectious Diseases, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, and Open Forum Infectious Diseases have each selected 5 articles that represent significant contributions in their fields. We invite you to explore the sample of impressive research online.

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CID Now Offers Review Pathway for Papers Rejected by High-Impact Journals

Clinical Infectious Diseases welcomes papers that have been peer reviewed by another medical journal and were not accepted for publication, where the authors believe they can address the essential concerns identified by previous reviewers. Under this new pathway, authors can revise the paper according to the review comments they previously received and then submit the paper to CID. This new pathway is intended to speed publication and minimize unnecessary re-review of papers that previously received thorough and detailed review elsewhere.

Learn more about how to submit using this pathway.

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